Motivation and Employee Performance Essay Example

Motivation and Employee Performance Essay Effects of motivation on employees performance in an organization The problem can be placed within human resource management perspective as there maybe issues catering to research literature for instance, there maybe lack of support into employee motivation for positive performance indicator in the organization, for example, the presence of too much authority can affect employee performance due to some issues of motivation, affecting employees motivation level. There is ample need to recognize motivation and performance into employee based perspective, finding out motivation effects on employee performance thus, recognizing research based theories and applications (motivation and employee performance). This will be in Uganda context. 1. What is Motivation and How Does it Affect Performance? Why is knowing how to motivate employees is important? What comprise of motivation received by employees? Discuss with literature 2. What is meant by employee performance? Discuss aspects in accordance to literature 3. How is performance manifested by human resource area? How it is known in terms of effects underlying motivation ways? 4. What are some of motivation effects toward employee performance? Is there a positive effect? A negative effect? Name some 5. What are several ways of measuring motivation to come up with effective employee performance? How it is measured for the purpose of recognizing performance success? There is positive effect of motivation towards employee performance within Uganda’s SME There is negative effect of motivation towards employee performance within Uganda’s SME We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation and Employee Performance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation and Employee Performance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation and Employee Performance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For literature, motivated employees help organizations survive as motivated employees are more productive. To be effective, HR need to understand what motivates employees within the context of roles they perform, motivating employees is complex as due to the fact that what motivates employees changes constantly ( 1991) as for example, research suggests that as employees income increases, money becomes less of motivator (1987), as employees get older, interesting work becomes more of motivator thus, the need to describe the ranked importance of the following motivating factors: job security sympathetic help with personal problems personal loyalty to employees interesting work good working conditions tactful discipline good wages promotions and growth in the organization feeling of being in on things full appreciation of work done Survey based technique will be used to solicit the data. The target respondents are managerial level employees of Uganda’s SMEs, survey will comprise of different sections contains survey statements measuring motivation and employee performance in lieu to: Motivation and acquisition bases Employee Performance bases Motivation and enrichment bases Performance labeling and execution of motivation tactics A total of 50 employees working within two or three Uganda SMEs mostly in the area of manufacturing and production, noting in how they are motivated and what performance level they have resulted due to motivation given such as performance based incentives as well as rewards. The employees are to asked to indicate their extent of agreement using the five-point Likert scale (with 5 = completely agree, to 1 = completely disagree). The motivation for qualitative method is opposed to that of quantitative method. Qualitative method is designed to help researchers understand people and the social and cultural contexts which they live, as the understanding of phenomenon from viewpoints of participants and its particular social and institutional context is largely lost when textual date is quantified, research questions are need to be examined for reliability and validity. 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neutral 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree No Statements 1 motivated employees help organizations survive as motivated employees are more productive 1 2 3 4 5 2 HR need to understand what motivates employees within the context of roles they perform 1 2 3 4 5 3 employees income increases, money becomes less of motivator 1 2 3 4 5 4 employees get older, interesting work becomes more of motivator 1 2 3 4 5 Data will be collected and analyzed through using qualitative techniques such as pointing towards document analysis, interviews and questionnaire survey. The primary data is to be collected from the respondents in HR based situations, secondary data is to comprise of reference concerning research subject as the use of existing Malaysia information will be realized within the overall research structure The research paper will argue that current knowledge of determinants of motivation and performance is woefully inadequate as initial step toward improving the situation, conceptual model is a must which identify set of individual, interpersonal, organizational and environmental variables that may influence employee motivation and his level of performance. The model incorporates many constructs and research findings from other disciplines, but the primary purpose is to provide conceptual framework and specific hypotheses to help guide future empirical research for people management.

Discuss the meaning of the term metaphysical with regard to three poems in the book Essays

Discuss the meaning of the term metaphysical with regard to three poems in the book Essays Discuss the meaning of the term metaphysical with regard to three poems in the book Essay Discuss the meaning of the term metaphysical with regard to three poems in the book Essay Essay Topic: Andrew Marvell Poems Donne Poems The Book Of Three Metaphysical poetry is poetry that explores a branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of existence and of knowledge. There are a number of trademark characteristics that feature in these poems that technically define them as metaphysical. Some of these features include the use of intellectual and reasoned persuasion, conceits, confrontational arguments and personification. In this book the metaphysical section looks at poems written before 1770 and by analysing three poems, I am hoping to identify the features that are most common in metaphysical poetry. I think it is important to discuss these features in order of importance to try and identify the main features with which you could identify a metaphysical poem. The poems I will look at are To His Coy Mistress, by Andrew Marvell, The Sun Rising, by John Donne, and To Daffodils, by Robert Herrick.Immediately, by looking at these poems, I can see that the purpose of all three poems is to persuade using reasoned logical arguments. In, To His Coy Mistress, with a series of arguments, Marvell is trying to persuade his shy love interest to have a sexual affair with him. This form of structured argument is favoured as oppose to the traditional practise of courting a woman. Because he has been courting this lady for so long and has yet succeeded in bedding her, he is frustrated and decides to embark on a different choice of tactic.This cleverly written poem aims to persuade her with an argument that is sectioned in three parts. In the first, he explains how things would and should be if they had the time. He tells her that if time werent an issue he would love her till the conversion of the Jews. This is ironic because the Jews will never convert to Christianity and this emphases the extent to which he would be prepared to wait for her virginity had he time. He tells her that if there were time to court, the way that she is torturing him would be no crime.The use of the word crime is ve ry strong and would inevitably make the lady feel like a criminal, guilty of tormenting this poor man. In the second part of the argument, Marvell turns to a more realistic note, telling her frankly that there is no time for games. He explains that with times winged chariot hurrying near they are fighting a war against time, where, if they dont hurry things along, they will loose the battle with time. He even tells her that if she doesnt have sex with him, the worms shall take her virginity when she dies. With this cruel argument, Marvell is hoping that he can scare her into sleeping with him. The argument closes with a section that tells her how they should seize the moment. By using the simile like amorous birds of prey, he is telling her that she should forget her coyness and make passionate love with him.The second poem in this section that uses an argument to persuade is The Sun Rising. In this poem, Donne is in bed with his lover and with the sun coming up, the daylight is mak ing their sexual appetite disappear. With this poem he is trying to persuade the sun to go away and leave them in the dark to make love. He says the sun is unruly to rise and a saucy pedantic wretch. From this, he is telling the sun that he is outrageous for halting his enjoyment and at the same time desperately dull for not appreciating how wonderful sex is. This use of opposites is otherwise known as an oxymoron.He tells the sun to go and wake up other people, like the king, and the the schoolboys and sour pretences because he is wasting his energy on someone who doesnt care. For him and his lover do not care for the rags of time because their love is stronger than time, Love, all alike, no season knows nor clime. He also asks him why he feels so powerful, so reverend and strong when his lover shines more brightly than the sun, and that he is surprised that her eyes have not blinded thine. In this argument Donne is trying to belittle the sun, steal his confidence and therefore, pe rsuade him to leave him in peace.In Daffodils, Herrick is trying to persuade the flowers that he loves so dearly, to stay with him forever, begging, stay stay. He compares the life cycle of a daffodil to that of humans explaining that like spring flowers have a short life, so do people. He tells the daffodils that if he waits till the evensong, which is a metaphor for winter, they can go together. He his trying to convince the flowers that they will not have to wait very long for him to die because humans have as short a spring as flowers do.Another characteristic that comes to my attention and features in all three poems is the poets use of geographical and scientific features, such as time and the cosmos to guide their arguments. In To His Coy Mistress, the theme of time and the lack of it is the main theme of the poem and strengthens his argument to his mistress. He also mentions places such as the Indian Ganges and the river Humber as part of his argument to show her how patient he would be if they had time. Even if she were on the other side of the world, he would wait. In The Sun Rising, geography and the cosmos is included in Donnes argument. He tells the sun that his lover is so precious and that her eyes are so bright, that the sun may very well see the riches of th Indias in her eyes.He also makes the sun feel powerless by telling it that the two lovers are the centre of the universe, thy sphere and that the sun is not. In To Daffodils, time and the cycle of life is the key theme of the poem. When Herrick compares the life of a daffodil to a human life he uses the different times of day as metaphors for the different seasons of the year. The early rising is the spring, noon, is the afternoon and evensong is the winter. By making this sort of comparison, he is making the daffodils relate to him and therefore encourage them not to leave when springtime ends. He encourages the daffodil slowly first, pleading with them to stay till the day is over, till the year is over and eventually till his human life is over, so that he can go with them.The last feature that occurs in all three of these poems is the use of personification. In To His Coy Mistress, time is personified when he tells his mistress that times winged chariot hurrying near means they are really fighting a personal battle with time, a war in which they have no way of winning if they do not seize the moment and have sex. In The Sun Rising, the whole poem is dedicated to the sun, indicating that the sun indeed has human characteristics in the eyes of John Donne.Further evidence of this is when he labels the sun as a busy old fool which clearly personifies the sun. In To Daffodils, the same principle applies when Herrick dedicates a whole poem to persuading the flowers not to leave him. By using the personal pronoun, you to address the daffodils he is personifying them as though they were humans. This love of personification by metaphysical poets is not the most prominent characteristic of metaphysical poems but it does feature in all three poems, so evidently it is one of the favoured devices.From my analysis there are many features which tend to define metaphysical poetry that occur frequently, and there are many more that I have not mentioned in this essay. However for me, these three are the characteristics that crop up most in these particular poems and undoubtedly, the use of a logical structured argument is not only popular but in most cases is the central purpose of the poem.

Communcation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Communcation - Assignment Example Distinctive channels have diverse qualities and shortcoming. 4. Decoder: Decoder translates the encoded message to recover the original message. This procedure has to be correct and accurate, or else the message is lost completely. This encoding and decoding will be exceptionally help full in military and versatile correspondences. a) Super Low and Extra Low Frequency bands (SLF and ELF) normally occur natural. This can be very long antennae used by electricity authorities, called power lines radiating 50 or 60 Hz. The signal is experienced as hum. The largest natural source of this radio wave is the interaction between the solar wind and the ionosphere, which results in low frequency currents in the earth and oceans. They are usually studied by geophysicists to understand, inter alia, the availability of ore deposits whose electrical conductance is different from that of the surrounding crust. Like ULF (As illustrated in b) below), these bands achieve applications in communication with submarines, and uses very low information rates. b) 300 Hz - 3 kHz. Ultra Low Frequency (ULF). Water or the earth does not readily consume electromagnetic waves occurring in this range. As such, they might be utilized to communicate among or with submarines and with mines. One drawback is that, with such low frequencies, one can only be in a position to modulate the amplitude sufficiently so they cannot convey much data. This is not a disservice if the stage is needed, as is the situation for systems used for navigation. The wavelengths are long to the point that radio wires may be very long. d) 30 - 300 kHz. Low Frequency (LF). This band advantageous since waves can be propagated around the Earth, using refraction and reflections within the ionosphere or the earth surface. For this reason, these two wave channels form a waveguide for the radio waves in this range, which can hence be tapped for communication purposes across the oceans and around the world. e)

The field of psychology addresses the constant question of whether Research Paper

The field of psychology addresses the constant question of whether humans are born hard-wired with specific characteristics and - Research Paper Example However, when it comes to understanding the causes behind severe behavior problems like addiction, anger, aggression, criminal bent of mind, sadism, depression, anti-social behavior etc., then understanding the role of nature and nurture in the development of these patterns becomes an important. Hence, people in the field of psychology and psychiatry continuously make efforts to find out what it is that makes human beings behave in certain way, nature or nurture. That is, they try to know if people are genetically programmed to behave in a certain way or if their behavior is shaped by the environment. However, studies in psychology have given a hope to human beings by showing that even though human beings are programmed through their genes to behave in certain way, the environment has the power to break the genetic programming and modify the behavior pattern of human beings in positive way by strengthening the ‘good’ genes and weakening the ‘bad’ genes. The Role Of Genes Variations In Genes Genes play an important role in the development of behavior and personality pattern of human beings. Different genes are responsible for development of different habits and behavior pattern in people. Every human being has same 20,000 genes present in the body but what makes them different is its ‘variants’ or ‘flavors’ (Frehley, 2010, para.1). ... However, it is important to note that scientists are not 100% sure of this information as it is not a statement but a ‘speculation’ (Frehley, 2010, para.2). Also, it is interesting to know that every human being possesses all the genes but what makes them differ in behavior is the â€Å"less than 1%† variance in the genes (Frehley, 2010, para.5). According to Ebstein et al. (1996), the variations in ‘specific’ geneses result in different social behavior patterns in different individuals (Nicolaou & Shane, n.d., p.2). It makes one wonder if such a small amount of genetic variation is ‘major’ enough to control the will power in human being. That is, can human being acquire skills or behavior pattern that he is not genetically programmed to acquire? Evolutionary psychology, also known as ‘modern Darwinism’, is the field that helps in answering this ‘nature or nurture’ question (Nicholson, 1998, p.135). Desire For Se curity It is a natural understanding that if the circumstances and the conditions of living change, then the behavior of human beings should also change. However, according to the evolutionary psychology, human beings living in today’s modern world, still display the same ‘survival’ traits that their ancestors living in the Stone Age had displayed to survive the threats in the environment (Nicholson, 1998, p.135). This shows that even if the environment and the surrounding situations change, human beings still carry the ‘innate’ fear from surrounding and are ‘hard wired’ to behave in certain way when they sense threat. For example, people from Stone Age were genetically programmed to gather and store enough food and have

Macbeth by William Shakespeare: Critique Essay

A critique on the main character in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth. So foul and fair a day I have not seen.† This is a famous quote by Macbeth, the antagonist in William Shakespeare’s classic work, The Tragedy of Macbeth. This one line takes place when Macbeth and Banquo are returning from their victory in battle over the Norwegians. Following this quote further it could be looked at in a broader spectrum of Macbeth’s triumphs and failures. He goes from a warrior hero to a murderer, and lastly, his tragic flaw brings him to his death. When critiquing Macbeth the main points to look at are his actions, blind ambition, excessive pride, and lastly, his boldness and impression of personal invincibility which eventually leads to his death. See how he can be at the height of his life one moment and in his grave the next due to a few prophecies by witches and his blind ambition. To begin, looking at Macbeth, his actions are obviously a major flaw. In the beginning of the tragedy, his actions are looked at as heroic with his destruction of the Norwegians and King Sweno in battle. This is crucial to the play, because a tragedy depends on the downfall of an already great man. In an outside source, it is said that the lines when Macbeth killed Duncan (â€Å"unseam’d him from the nave to the chops, and fix’d his head upon our battlements†) are meant to foreshadow Macbeth’s death at the end of the play. However, as the play progresses, the major action occurs when, although Macbeth is filled with misgivings, he ascends to King Duncan’s chamber and murders him in his sleep. This shows that he is willing to kill his loyal king so that he can make the prophecies come true that he may someday be king. Following this, when Macbeth thinks back to the witches’ prophecy regarding Banquo that one of his descendants will become king. Macbeth looks at this as a threat to his own position. Unable to undo these thoughts, Macbeth hires two murderers to kill Banquo and his son, Fleance. During the Banquet the murderers contact him and explain that Banquo is dead, but Fleance escaped. Macbeth explains that he is not worried with Fleance. The final action that dooms Macbeth is when he kills Macduff’s wife and child. Macbeth goes to the Weird Sisters to hear a series of apparitions to predict his future. This first apparition is Macduff’s head warning Macbeth that a  bloody revenge of Duncan’s son, Malcolm is soon to come. When he is threatened again for his position of kingship Macbeth looks for further political survival and is also angered. He arranges the death of Macduff’s wife and children. This ultimately hurts Macbeth because it angers Macduff more, and he sides with Malcolm for revenge on Macbeth. Moreover, throughout the play Macbeth’s life if completely subverted and undermined by his insatiable ambition. At the start of the story he was reasonable enough to keep his ambition under control, although it eventually became to strong and overpowered him. However, he did control his ambition much longer than his wife who was overcome once she heard that King Duncan was coming. The first sign of Macbeth losing his ambition is with the three witches and their prophecies. Although he questions their motives, he doesn’t believe that they are in fact pushing him down a path of evil and despair. He says that their visit â€Å"cannot be ill, cannot be good.† This scene shows that Macbeth at first questions the motives of the witches, and the moral implications of killing King Duncan. He also sees his ambition forming when he doesn’t refute the title as King and in fact accepts the title of Thane of Cawdor. This shows in the lines – If Chance will have me King. Why/ Chance may crown me.† (Shakespeare; I, iii, 141-142) Macbeth’s ambition doesn’t take off until it is fueled by his wife’s great ambition. An interesting character in the story is Banquo. He parallels Macbeth in the beginning but when they both hear the prophecies he is much less accepting of them. I believe that the contrast was created to emphasize Macbeth’s tragic flaw. One critical perspective views Banquo’s function as essentially symbolic: he is portrayed as a man who, like Macbeth, has the capacity for both God’s grace and sin; but unlike the protagonist, he puts little stock in the Weird Sisters, prophecies and does not succumb to their temptations. Banquo’s reluctance to dwell on the witches’ predictions therefore underscores, by contrast, the nature of Macbeth’s descent into evil. (Scott; 238)To reiterate, looking at Macbeth’s ambition throughout the tragedy, I came to one conclusion. As time passes, a once moral man cannot hold off the temptations of the power he could achieve. This idea is stated in the following passage: â€Å"One of the most significant reasons for the enduring critical interest in Macbeth’s character is that he represents humankind’s universal propensity to temptation and sin. Macbeth’s excessive ambition motivates him to murder  Duncan, and once the evil act is accomplished, he sets into motion a series of sinister events that ultimately lead to his downfall.† (Scott; 236) As one can clearly see, Macbeth’s ambition clearly got to him and he couldn’t overpower it. Furthermore, the last flaw in Macbeth is his boldness and impression of personal invincibility. Toward the end of the play when Macbeth approaches the witches for three more prophesies, which seem impossible. The first prophecy is the head of Macduff warning Macbeth of a bloody revenge by Malcolm. The second is a blood-covered child who explains to Macbeth that he cannot be harmed by any man â€Å"of woman born†. The third is a child wearing a crown that explains Macbeth cannot be defeated until Birnam Wood physically â€Å"uproots† itself and moves to Dunsinane hill. Macbeth is not worried because he believes, as anyone would, these predictions are impossible. However, as the play progresses he hears from a servant that a large army is moving toward Dunsinane Hill. Macbeth ignores the warning, as he believes he is invincible. These are the beginning signs that we see that Macbeth may be ignoring his own doom due to his belief in personal invincibility. In addition, in the last portion of the play we find that English and rebel Scottish armies who march to Birnam Wood have been directed by Malcolm for each soldier to cut a branch and carry it in front of them as camouflage â€Å"to shadow the numbers of our host.† When Macbeth hears word that this has happened, he begins to realize that the prophecy has come true, but he still is trying to deny it. When Malcolm and his troops finally reach Dunsinane hill under the â€Å"leafy screens† of branches the apparition has come true: Birnam Wood has come to Dunsinane Hill. Macbeth puts on his armor and goes to battle with his army. On the battlefield Macbeth and Macduff at last come face to face. Macduff reveals to Macbeth that he entered the world by being â€Å"untimely ripp’d† from his mother’s whom. Under these circumstances he was not strictly â€Å"born† of woman. When Macbeth hears this he realizes his struggle for survival has come to an end. He realizes how foolish he was for believing in his invincibility. Macduff kills Macbeth with anger in his heart for the death of his family. These final couple scenes really show that Macbeth’s boldness and belief in invincibility end his reign of power,  and cause his death. In conclusion, â€Å"So foul and fair a day I have not seen.† Is a very appropriate quote by Macbeth for the battle at the start of the play, but also for the path of his life. In William Shakespeare’s masterpiece Macbeth, he created a character that will live on for years to come. The character Macbeth is a great antagonist because he is bought up to be a hero in the beginning of the play but because of his actions, blind ambition, boldness, and impression of personal invincibility he finds his death. This play was clearly my favorite by Shakespeare solely because of the character Macbeth and how, I, the reader could sit back and realize all of the mistakes he is making, before he realized it and was too late. Works Cited 1.) Free Essays – Blind Ambition in Macbeth. 123HelpMe.com. 02 Jan 2008. 2.) Macbeth. Cliff Notes. 26 Dec. 2007. 3.) Scott, Mark W. (Editor). Shakespeare for Students. 1992. Gale Research Inc. Detroit, Michigan.

Only One Way to Stop a Bully Essay

Bullying has become a major issue in the past 5 years. This is something we hear of way too often whether it is at school, work, or even on the news. Bullying is not your typical kid who steals a student’s lunch money either; there are several cases worldwide that have ended in suicide for some. When it comes down to the severity of suicide or even physical harm that is when it’s no longer just a simple slap on the wrist, but rather a closer, deeper look into what we can start doing to change this and fast. In There’s Only One Way to Stop a Bully, an essay written by Susan Engel and Marlene Sandstrom they speak about this issue in depth. Sandstrom and Engel speak of specific ways we as a community and faculty at schools should incorporate lessons on how to deal, recognize, and solve bullying in everyday life. The authors also speak of a new law that has been passed in order to address and stop bullying. They support this claim by providing us with examples. One example is telling us of ideas that teachers have put to the test to defeat this issue, such as a teacher enforcing a rule that students could not exclude anyone from their play and the positive impact this brought. Sandstrom and Engel also support this by telling us of a school in Norway that has put much emphasis on this issue and by doing so, have succeeded in lowering the bullying rate. Although the authors brought valid points, there are a few key factors missing from this essay. One being that when Sandstrom and Engel introduced this new law that was passed to target bullying, they did not go into enough detail as far as the specifics of this law. What are the consequences of this law? It states that the most serious cases of bullying should be reported to law officials but at what degree do they consider bullying serious? I found myself asking these questions when reading the essay. This particular law was such a big part of the essay; I felt that more emphasis was needed. Another weakness I found in this essay was that I did not feel like it was so much an argumentative piece of writing but rather an essay informing me of instances and facts. In argumentative writing I always find myself stopping to relate, or to agree/disagree with the author on the topic. Although the authors made great points, while reading this I did not once stop to react to what the author was supposed to be â€Å"arguing†. There were many things that I enjoyed about this essay and brought me a positive outlook on this topic. The author used a lot of examples making it easy to read and make sense of the main claim. For instance, the author spoke of the success this law has made possible by speaking of Norway, a school who has really recognized this issue and applied it to their curriculum. The author also noted a teacher in particular who has enforced a specific rule in helping eliminate bullying. Rather than speaking of instances in a plain matter the author used specific examples and listed persons in particular bringing the realness of the matter to life.

An International Food Market That Only Hires Individuals...

This business evaluation will look at whether or not creating an international food market that only hires individuals who are unemployed will help combat the social issue of unemployment in New Zealand. Unemployment is a huge issue in New Zealand and something needs to be done about it. The idea is to create a market that offers a starting point to the unemployed citizens where they can develop their skills, gain experience and finish with a reference and CV. The concerns of two key stakeholders, the employees and the government, must first be evaluated in regards to how the business addresses their concerns. The business must also be considered ethical in regards to the ethical theory of utilitarianism, along with meeting all the three pillars of sustainability and incorporating the business ethic of Kaitiakitanga in order to be successful. Like with any business starting off, there will be some challenges and weaknesses which will need to be addressed and evaluated in order to det ermine it the business idea is actually feasible. Unemployment is a social problem which has a large impact on the New Zealand society. Currently, the unemployment rate is at 5.1% meaning there are over 220,000 people who are currently unable to find work (Taborda, J, 2016). Generally speaking, unemployment is associated with poverty and an overall lower standard of living which is affecting not only those who are unemployed but also their families. Unemployment can lead to not only financialShow MoreRelatedUrban Industrial Consumerism Between 1920 And 19291710 Words   |  7 Pagesand manufacturing. Events like World War I (1914-1918), devastating for most European countries, helped to boost the US economy mainly because of providing war materials such as ammunition, weapons, and food supplies.[AE: Wilson]. 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